However, molecular studies (and some more recent morphological[6][7] and fossil[8] papers) have generally shown a clade of gymnosperms, with the gnetophytes in or near the conifers. Crane. Feature image. Runcaria has all of the qualities of seed plants except for a solid seed coat and a system to guide the pollen to the seed. Terpenoids form the haze that makes the Great Smoky Mountains smoky. Rubber is a terpenoid as are taxol and menthol; so are the carotenoids of the plastids and sterols of the cell membranes. from your Reading List will also remove any
26.2C: Diversity of Gymnosperms - Biology LibreTexts https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.621012. }
The diagram above provides an overview of extant angiosperm phylogeny and classification based on APG IV and other sources. The Digital Atlas of Ancient Life project is managed by thePaleontological Research Institution, Ithaca, New York. Angiosperms are members of the phylum Anthophyte Angiosperms have unique reproductive organs known as flowers During which geologic period did flowering plants first appear Cretaceous Period In the flowering plants, the seed is encased in an ovary What is a fruit? Raven Biology of Plants, 8thed. 2001 onwards. There are approximately 250,000 unique species of angiosperms spread across the globe.
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Amborellais native to Grande Terre, New Caledonia, an island located in the Pacific Ocean to the east of Australia. As in other major angiosperm groups, the earliest evidence for eudicots appears in the Early Cretaceous; it consists of dispersed, tricolpate pollen grains (reviewed here). Fruit trees often shows flowers, such as apple, cherry, and orange blossoms, before they bear fruit.
14.1 The Plant Kingdom - Concepts of Biology | OpenStax See original sources for terms of use. Angiosperms feature notably smaller pollen grains than gymnosperms, and this reduced gametophyte size makes it easier and faster for fertilization to happen. 2018. Angiosperm phylogeny poster (APP) Flowering plant systematics, 2019. Early carpels were leaflike and seeds were borne on the edges.
Spermatophyte - Wikipedia border: #151515 0px solid;
11. Question: Angiosperms: Phylum Anthophyta: Lily Carpel Use the arrows in the box below to move and point to the correct locations and then use the labels and draa in place to oroperiv label it. For example, one common proposed set of relationships is known as the gne-pine hypothesis and looks like:[9][10][11], However, the relationships between these groups should not be considered settled.[5][12]. These two phyla represent the most successful plants in our contemporary world. 8) Seeds are found inside the cone on the upper surfaces of the cone scales. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1095-8339.2003.t01-1-00158.x, *Angiosperm Phylogeny Group. Ceratophyllumis a freshwater aquatic plant that occurs worldwide. Fossil water lily (Nymphaea) leaf. 2013. Science Review Of Everything Everywhere All At Once. Previous The Most Successful Plants of All Time. Dilcher. The apertures are thin areas in the pollen wall through which the pollen grain germinates. Similar to the shrunken size of the male gametophyte (pollen), the female gametophyte is also smaller, which further speeds up the development of seeds, and improves the rate of reproduction, allowing for more regular cycles of reproduction throughout the course of the year.
Angiosperm - Definition and Examples | Biology Dictionary Amborellatrichopoda isalso the only species in Amborellaceae and Amborellales. The seeds of many gymnosperms (literally, "naked seeds") are borne in cones and are not visible until maturity. FossilCeratophyllum. Hedyosmum-like fossils in the Early Cretaceous diversification of angiosperms. 2005. The most well known member of this group may be the star anise (Illicium verum), which is widely used in Asia as a spice. Approximately 470 million years ago, the first land plants appeared, which were embryophytes, non-vascular plants, namely mosses, liverworts and hornworts. 2011. Stopesia alveolata, a fossil seed of Trimeniaceae from the Lower Cretaceous (Albian) of Hokkaido, northern Japan. This page uses Google Analytics. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 152: 211236. https://doi.org/10.1016/0034-6667(91)90082-E, *Poinar, G., Jr., Rasmussen, F.N. (b) Gnetum gnemon grows in Malaysia. Image credits: Left (Radio Tonreg, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0); right (Christian Fischer, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0). Research has indicated, for example, that vesselless wood in Winteraceae may be an adaptation to life in environments that experience freezing temperatures (see here); along with the phylogenetic position of Winteraceae among magnoliid families with vessels, this research suggests that loss of vessels is actually an apomorphy (more recent modification) in Winteraceae rather than a plesiomorphy (characteristic retained from flowering plant ancestors). Endress, E.J. 2007. Characteristics of monocots 12. It is suspected that the extension was involved in anemophilous (wind) pollination. [3], Seed-bearing plants are a clade within the vascular plants (tracheophytes).
Slab of fossil palm "wood." Amborella is a dioecious (Greek, di- + oikos = two houses, meaning plants produce only pollen or ovules) shrub bearing small, unisexual flowers. Manchester, and S.-x. Some magnoliids have historically been of interest to botanists due to the presence of characteristics interpreted as primitive in flowering plants. Stevens. How are these organisms more complex than the seedless vascular plants?
Sennikov, P.S. With a spotty, incomplete fossil record of the early flowers, much of the understanding of flower evolution is inferred from modern flowers. Christenhusz, M.F. CredneriaandPlatanus (Plantanaceae) from the Late Cretaceous (Santonian) of Quedlinburg, Germany. Angiosperms evolved during the late Cretaceous Period, about 125-100 million years ago. Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (/ n d i s p r m i /), commonly called angiosperms.They include all forbs (flowering plants without a woody stem), grasses and grass-like plants, a vast majority of broad-leaved trees, shrubs & vines, and most aquatic plants.The term "angiosperm" is derived from the Greek words . Center. Image credits:Cyprepedium arietinum (James Ellison, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0);Briza (Alvesgaspar, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0);Washingtonia robusta(Geographer, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0). The largerfemale conesare closer to the top of the tree and the smallermale conesare at . Gymnosperms Vs Angiosperms: How Are They Different? Closed carpels have differentiated stigmas, styles, and ovaries. What If You Jumped Out Of An Airplane Into The Sea Without A Parachute? These types of plants also contain ovules enclosed in an ovary. Oldest record of Trimeniaceae from the Early Cretaceous of northern Japan. Secondary metabolites (products). Spermatophytes are a subset of the embryophytes or land plants. Angiosperms are found in almost every habitat from forests and grasslands to sea margins and deserts. Images modified from originals. The megasporangium bears an unopened distal extension protruding above the mutlilobed integument. https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12385, *Christenhusz, M.J.M., and J.W. Right: Pollen grain from staminate structure (Asteropollis-type pollen), showing tetrachotomosulcate aperture (i.e., a 4-lobed aperture located on the pole). Also called the Angiosperms, the Magnoliophyta are the flowering plants. The toxicity of many of the products is not confined to insect attackers; humans who consume the plants also are affected. Right: Reconstruction of the Archaeanthus linnenbergeri plant in fruit. They used a consensus tree of angiosperm relationships to provide a framework for their classification. Why Dont All Bisexual Plants Produce Self-Fertilized Fruits? Early Cretaceous macrofossil remains of eudicots are also known (for example, see here and here). The dots in the palm stem are vascular bundles with associated bundle caps made up of fibers (compare to the cross section of the corn stem shown above). An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG II. In: The Tree of Life Web Project (http://tolweb.org). Flowers Flowers are modified leaves, or sporophylls, organized around a central stalk. However, angiosperms require pollinators to reproduce, and as we have already seen in recent decades, climate change and global warming can have a major impact on that process. They are members of the phylum Anthophyta. Hardly a relict: Freezing and the evolution of vesselless wood in Winteraceae. The name "ANA grade" is used to collectively refer to the three basally-diverging groups of angiosperms: Amborellales (A), Nymphaeales (N), and Austrobaileyales (A). Credits:Amborella trichopoda (Scott Zona, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-NC 2.0);Nymphaea(E.J. Left: Five-parted calyx of a fossil member of the mallow family (Florissantia quichenensis, Malvaceae); size = 2.9 cm in diameter. There are more questions than answers in the phylogeny of the angiosperms. Mosses, ferns, conifers, and flowering plants are all members of the plant kingdom. and any corresponding bookmarks? In Degeneria (Degeneriaceae, Magnoliales) and Drimys (Winteraceae), the carpels are conduplicate (folded) and not completely sealed where their edges meet. (Flowering plants) Angiosperms are seed-bearing vascular plants. 2016.
Gymnosperms | Biology for Majors II - Lumen Learning One can argue that flowers have allowed angiosperms to spread so widely into so many ecological contexts across the globe. No fossils can be attributed to Amborellales with certainty. Pollination. Were they woody or herbaceous? The flowers in plants of these species help in pollination and protect the ovaries and the embryos, whereas fruits aid in . So, too, are the eudicots with their triaperturate pollen. Examples of monocots. Double fertilization, which leads to formation of polyploid endosperm tissue. This group is the most diverse, ecologically dominant and economically important of all the living plant phyla.
Angiosperms: Phylum Anthophyta: Lily Carpel Use the - Chegg Collectively, our findings show that BRM is a key epigenetic partner of DELLA proteins during the floral transition.
Angiosperms | Biology II - Lumen Learning Angiosperms are similar to gymnosperms in that they use seeds for reproduction, but that is where most of the similarities end. Four major groups within the gymnosperms are usually recognized - these sometimes each considered its own phylum (Cycadophyta, Ginkgophyta, Gnetophyta, Pinophyta). The term phanerogams or phanerogamae is derived from the Greek ( phaners ), meaning "visible", in . Transcribed image text: What characteristic do members of phylum Gnetophyta have in common with angiosperms? Left: Staminate structure (group of stamens). Magnoliids. This means that whenever you
26.3D: Diversity of Angiosperms - Biology LibreTexts Alkaloids produced as secondary metabolites include: cocaine, caffeine, morphine, nicotine, and atropinea potent pharmacological arsenal. Images modified from originals. 2005. Palms have durable tissues in their stems, leaves, and fruits, which increases their potential for preservation. Images modified from originals. Monocot characteristics. Right: Longitudinal section of a modern Trimenia moorei seed. http://tolweb.org/Angiosperms/20646/2005.06.03, *Soltis, P., D. Soltis, and C. Edwards.
Angiosperm - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics In advanced flowers, the carpel is folded inward and the seeds are enclosed. Platanaceous plants from the Paleocene of Alberta, Canada. A spermatophyte (lit. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 141: 399436. }
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2010. Images modified from originals. Fossil cattail (Typha) leaves. Austrobaileyales have a limited fossil record extending to the Early Cretaceous (for example, see here). 2023 Course Hero, Inc. All rights reserved. 2013. Expert Answer. Pedersen. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.94.7.1073, *Sauquet, H., M. von Balthazar, S. Magalln, J.A. Jaguariba wiersemana gen. nov. et sp. Scanning electron micrographs (SEM images) of Early Cretaceous (Vale de gua locality, Portugal) fossil Chloranthaceae similar to the modern genus Hedyosmum. background-color: #f57484;
The order has fewer than 100 species of trees, shrubs, and lianas (woody vines). #fca_qc_quiz_63350.fca_qc_quiz div.fca_qc_answer_div:active {
What Story Will The Fossils Of Today Tell Future Generations About Us And Our Planet? Answer : Option E is correct answer. Images modified from originals. In fact, angiosperm evolution is punctuated repeatedly by radiations [50,51], ranging in time from near the origin of the angiosperms to recent events associated with colonization of new habitats, such as volcanic islands and recently glaciated areas in both arctic and alpine areas. Phylogenetic analyses and morphological innovations in land plants. As in the monocots, the present diversity of eudicot groups does not necessarily correlate to their representation in the fossil record. Seeds of fossil and modern Trimeniaceae. Simpson, M.G. Orchids have a paltry fossil record with only a few credible occurrences. The richest monocot macrofossil record may belong to the palms (Arecaceae), which arose in the Cretaceous and today include about 180 genera and 2,600 species. 2001. Acta Phytotaxonomica et Geobotanica 59: 228230. Left.
Solved P leves What characteristic do members of phylum - Chegg 6970 in Dilcher & Crane, 1984, Ann Missouri Bot Gard 71: 351383, via Biodiversity Heritage Library, CC BY-NC-SA 3.0). Flowering plants represent the most sophisticated plant clade in terms of adaptations necessary to complete their sexual reproductive cycle. W.H. Crane, and K.R. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 85: 531553.
Gymnosperm | Definition, Description, Plants, Examples, Phylogeny https://doi.org/10.1007/s12229-010-9040-1, Mohr, B.A.R., M.E.C. A new species ofDonlesia (Ceratophyllaceae) from the Early Cretaceous of Kansas, U.S.A.Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 252: 2028.
Gibberellin signaling modulates flowering via the DELLA-BRAHMA-NF-YC Modern angiosperms appear to be a monophyletic group, which means that they originated from a single ancestor. Credit: Model by Emily Hauf (Digital Atlas of Ancient Life, via Sketchfab, CC BY-SA 4.0).
Dicotyledon | Definition, Examples, & Facts | Britannica Image modified from original. In the magnolia family (Magnoliaceae, Magnoliales), flowers have many helically arranged stamens and pistils on an elongated receptacle. If Iron Loses Its Magnetism At High Temperatures, How Is Earths Core Magnetic? Many are unicellular, including most euglenoids (phylum Euglenophyta) and dinoflagellates (Dinophyta), and some diatoms (Bacillariophyta) and green algae (Chlorophyta).
Gnetophyte | Definition, Plants, Characteristics, Reproduction #fca_qc_quiz_63350.fca_qc_quiz button.fca_qc_next_question {
Dandelion is an angiosperm, the group whose members produce flowers and seeds (Kingdom Planta, Phylum Magnoliophyta or Anthophyta).
Phylum AnthophytaThe Flowering Plants - CliffsNotes The Magnoliidae are represented by the magnolias: tall trees bearing large, fragrant . The Anthophyta, the angiosperms or flowering plants, is the largest and youngest phylum of plants and the one whose members dominate the vegetation of the modern world. Byng, W.S. Right. Finally, the structure of the stamen makes self-fertilization more difficult, further contributing to the diversity of angiosperm species. Please note that some DEAL figures may only be reused with permission of the creator(s) or copyright holder(s) of the original images. Freeman and Co., New York, New York. 1Note that these characteristics are generalizations, and individual species may deviate in one or more features. Images modified from originals. A noteworthy extinct member of Magnoliales is Archaeanthus, an early Late Cretaceous plant known from fruits and associated leaves that is similar to the modern magnolia (Magnolia) and tulip tree (Liriodendron) (see here). The flowering plants in the narrow sense (angiosperms) are a group of the seed plants (spermatophytes).Extant angiosperms are seen as a relatively young diversification, the "crown group" of an older clade, the "stem group" angiophytes, without well-established fossils and without surviving branches other than the angiosperms (Fig. Right: Staminate (male, pollen-producing) flowers. The fossil record of magnoliids begins in the Early Cretaceous. Sweetshrub (Calycanthus), Laurales. What Exactly Is A Flower Bulb, And How Does It Differ From A Flower Seed? Blackwell Publishing Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118305881, *Feild, T.S., T. Brodribb, and N.M. Holbrook. Ceratophyllales have a fossil record that may extend to the Early Cretaceous (see here). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41477-019-0468-y, Coiffard, C., B.A.R.
Angiosperms - About Moreover, they provide molecular insights into how GA signaling coordinates an epigenetic factor with a transcription factor to regulate the expression of a flowering gene and flowering in plants. How Did Continental Drift Affect Life On Earth Today? Filial Cannibalism: Why Do Animals Sometimes Kill And Eat Their Own Young? I need help labeling the 3 left. The University of Nevada, Las Vegas, The Hidden Life of Trees: What They Feel, How They CommunicateDiscoveries from A Secret World (The Mysteries of Nature Book 1), The Secret Wisdom of Nature: Trees, Animals, and the Extraordinary Balance of All Living Things - Stories from Science and Observation (The Mysteries of Nature Book 3), The Eighth Day of Creation: Makers of the Revolution in Biology, Commemorative Edition. Comparative Morphology of Vascular Plants, 2nd ed. Magnoliids with supposedly primitive flowers. Original images and diagrams created by E.J. Fossil Chloranthaceae. #fca_qc_quiz_63350.fca_qc_quiz div.fca_qc_answer_div {
Key Points. The number of known plants species in the world and its annual increase.
Seedless Plants Competency Check Flashcards | Quizlet Molecular RNA/DNA sequencing currently is being applied in new phylogenetic (cladistic) analyses to answer the question of angiosperm origins. primary products found in all plant cells that are necessary for life, such as amino acids, or 2.) Table modified & expanded after table 19-1 in Evert & Eichhorn (2013), Raven Biology of Plants. Can you answer a few questions based on the article you just read? Single fertilization. Angiosperms also utilize things like flowers, fruits, and an endosperm in the seeds that make them very successful and prolific. on Sketchfab. The plant kingdom contains mostly photosynthetic organisms; a few parasitic forms have lost the ability to photosynthesize. Credits: Amborella trichopodacarpellate flower (Sangtae Kim/Penn State, via flickr, CC BY-NC 2.0);Amborella trichopodastaminate flowers (Scott Zona, via flickr, CC BY-NC 2.0). Fabaceae, which is the third largest family among the angiosperms after Orchidaceae (orchid family) and Asteraceae (aster family), consists of more than 700 genera and about 20,000 species of trees, shrubs, vines, and herbs and is worldwide in distribution. Mendes, and K.R. Left: Reconstruction of the Archaeanthus linnenbergeri plant in flower. Specializations to ensure crossfertilization and attract pollinators include: colors in wavelengths visible to the pollinators; nectaries placed so that access requires passage across pollen sacs; odors; structural changes such as long corolla tubes and spurs filled with nectar.
Angiosperm: Definition, Examples and Significance - Science ABC Flowers enabled species-specific breeding, and in some ways sped up the process of natural selection and species branching. color: #151515;
Selected synapomorphies have been mapped on the tree. Paisia, an Early Cretaceous eudicot angiosperm flower with pantoporate pollen from Portugal. Their reproductive structures are flowers in which the ovules are enclosed in an ovary. ver. Fabaceae, also called Leguminosae, pea family of flowering plants (angiosperms), within the order Fabales. Davis, T.D. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 183: 327333.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2006.06.008, *Rudall, P.J., D.D. background-color: #8dc8bf;
Associates Program, affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means Attribution and source webpage are indicated for embedded videos. Leaf ofNymphaea nalinii (Miocene, France). What are the distinguishing features of the conifers? There are no clear answers in that debate either. Credit: Cole et al. Angiosperms also utilize things like flowers, fruits, and an endosperm in the seeds that make them very successful and prolific. This means that flowering plants can produce seeds much more readily after fertilization, which is an evolutionary and reproductive advantage over other seed-bearing plant varieties. Eudicot fossils. They protect an embryo with lesser or greater amounts of female tissue, thus helping ensure a higher rate of survival. They include most familiar types of plants, including all flowering plants and gymnosperms, but exclude some other types of plants such as ferns, mosses, and algae. Other articles where Angiosperm Phylogeny Group II is discussed: angiosperm: It is known as the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group IV (APG IV) botanical classification system. This image was modified (resized, file format changed). Images modified from originals. So, while angiosperms have time and again proven to be adaptable and superior to other plant types, their dependence on other creatures/forces for pollination and dispersal is worrying. E Both a and d. Experts are tested by Chegg as specialists in their subject area. Post any question and get expert help quickly. Images modified form originals. Taxonomists recognize four distinct divisions of extant (nonextinct) gymnospermous plants . The characteristics that is common b . Plants in the family can be characterized by, among other attributes, their opposite leaves and small and sessile (stalkless) flowers. Archaeanthus: An early angiosperm from the Cenomanian of the Western Interior of North America. The fruit of (b) the Piper nigrum plant is black pepper, the main product . Take your own here and learn something new and perhaps surprising. Journal of Systematics and Evolution 54: 336341. https://ucmp.berkeley.edu/glossary/gloss8/monocotdicot.html, *Soltis, P., D. Soltis, and C. Edwards. The characteristics that is common b. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 71: 351383. 2013. Page first released 10 November 2019; last updated 12 June 2020. secondary products found in some cells that are important for the survival or propagation of the plants that produce them. Center: Rattlesnake grass (Briza), grass family (Poaceae). Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 143: 181. Fossil record and age of the Asteridae. Amborellais rather the only living descendent of a lineage that can be traced back to a very ancient divergence in the angiosperm clade, and it is the product of over 100 million years of independent evolution following that divergence. By having an enclosed carpel and ovary, fruits are able to develop and self-fertilization can be prevented. (http://tolweb.org). Cotton (Gossypium), apples (Malus), citrus fruits (Citrus), olive (Olea europaea), tea (Camellia sinensis), tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), and cannabis (Cannabis) are eudicots. For a full-sized PDF, consult the original.
Remizowa, J.G. Two of these, the monocots and eudicots, represent the vast majority of living angiosperm species. Answer : Option E is correct answer. How well do you understand the article above! Amborellaflowers. There are two main clades of Anthophyta: monocots and eudicots. W.H. 2002. Credit: From figure 3 in Friis et al. Attribution and source webpage are indicated for embedded videos. Overview of angiosperm phylogeny (diagram), Angiosperm: Palmoxylon cheyennense (Cornell U. They include over 210,000 species of plants in 44 orders. all of the above (wind, water, insects and birds) Image modified from original. D Wood that contains vessel elements. The nutrient-dense endosperm wraps the embryo and nascent seedling as it develops, giving it a much better chance of survival and eventual growth. Phylogeny. The quality of the fossil records of monocot orders and familes does not neatly correlate to their present diversity. #fca_qc_quiz_63350.fca_qc_quiz div.fca_qc_question_response_item.correct-answer {
2015. Freeman and Co., New York, New York. Schoonderwoerd, S. Sontag, A. Soulebeau, Y. Staedler, G.F. Tschan, A.W.-S. Leung, J. Schnenberger. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K. Foster, A.S., and E.M. Gifford. Examples of other types of eudicots include birches (Betula), buttercups (Ranunculus), cacti (Cactaceae), grapes (Vitis), gourds (Cucurbitaceae), mustards (Brassicaceae), nightshades (Solanaceae), oaks (Quercus), roses (Rosa), and willows (Salix). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2018.02.002, * Yamada, T., and M. Kato. Although division of the angiosperm tree into clades for the purposes of classification is somewhat arbitrary, roughly eight major groups can be recognized under the APG IV scheme. In: B.A. (2019)PeerJ Preprints 7: e2320v6 (CC BY 4.0).
Fabaceae | plant family | Britannica What characteristic do members of phylum Gnetophyta have in common with angiosperms? A middle Devonian (385-million-year-old) precursor to seed plants from Belgium has been identified predating the earliest seed plants by about 20 million years. Friis, E.M., P.R. These stamens are far more accessible and specialized than their equivalent organ in gymnosperms, meaning that pollination can happen in a much wider variety of ways. The APG IV system does not incorporate completely extinct groups, such as the proposed angiosperm family Archaefructaceae, which includes the fossil genus Archaefructus from the Early Cretaceous of China (see here).
Angiosperms | Boundless Biology | | Course Hero Angiosperms. Hydatellaceae (1 genus, Hydatella) have inconspicuous, structurally unusual flowers, and no fossils can be unequivocally assigned to the family (see here). B. Arthur Cronquist Senior Scientist, New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, 1974-92. Angiosperms. W.H. In this assessment, early, primitive flower characteristics are: an undifferentiated perianth with sepals and petals alike and separate; an indefinite number of parts in each floral whorl; spiral attachment superior ovaries; radial symmetry; and so forth. Chemical compounds produced by plants are either: 1.) }
Photosynthesis: The Biochemistry Behind How Plants Make Their Food. Gymnosperms do have an endosperm, but it is a diploid tissue, whereas the endosperm is a triploid tissue in angiosperms. The fossil leaves of a cattail (Typha latissima, Miocene, France) show the parallel pattern of major veins characteristic of many monocots. Darwin review: angiosperm phylogeny and evolutionary radiations.
Additionally, floral parts of eudicots are often in multiples of four or five.
Flowering plant - Wikipedia
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